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claim_23ac3e5b8e68f4d51b6c7607
A report that Professor Douglas Hofstadter of the University of Oregon orchestrated the EMI test is an error, as Hofstadter has been at Indiana University since 1977, and his PhD was from the University of Oregon.
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claim_771ec8402958cc6ec39984c1
In 2005, David Cope deleted EMI's music database, arguing that its compositions were devalued by critics because they were "infinitely reproducible."
Labels: Inferred, Medium, known
claim_89b9949d18b8a562034cb803
David Cope's CD featured three sets of four tracks for a listening test, each with two human and two EMI compositions, with the second set specifically featuring Bach pieces.
Labels: Source-linked, Low, known
claim_97dbbedb3e92d123f998fe33
David Howell Cope, Dickerson Emeriti Professor of Music at UC Santa Cruz, was born on May 17, 1941, and died on May 4, 2025, at the age of 83.
Labels: Source-linked, Medium, known_to_be_wrong
claim_e64eef40431c69bfd65ee1ef
The October 1997 University of Oregon concert featured pianist Winifred Kerner and UO music professor Steve Larson, a Bach expert and composer, competing against EMI, with an audience of music scholars, professionals, and students voting on authorship.
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claim_f606b673c9f894e7139d1b89
In 2001, EMI consisted of 20,000 lines of Lisp code, indicating it was a symbolic, rule-based system aligned with the GOFAI (Good Old-Fashioned AI) paradigm.
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EMI's Bach By Design album
EMI's Bach By Design album
Labels: Inferred, Low
Douglas Hofstadter's engagement with EMI
Douglas Hofstadter's engagement with EMI
Labels: Inferred, Low
claim_0b45509fd49abd8b2a09e2e8
Douglas Hofstadter encountered David Cope's Experiments in Musical Intelligence (EMI) in spring 1995 after reading Cope's book Computers and Musical Style, and was particularly impressed by an EMI mazurka composed in the style of Chopin.
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claim_6f2e42d92c4c0a497fcf1090
Douglas Hofstadter's essay, "The Surprising Prowess of an Automated Music Composer," appeared in the volume The Invisible Future: The Seamless Integration of Technology into Everyday Life.
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claim_7d97cb7da5f0221711099d09
EMI's first album, Bach By Design, was played by a Disklavier because David Cope could not find human musicians or a label, making it the first album produced without human composition or performance.
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claim_8202710efc2497d4ca0117b1
Douglas Hofstadter developed a touring lecture centered on EMI, which included a live Turing test where the audience guessed whether a piece was genuine Chopin or an EMI Chopin-style composition, with results no better than chance.
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claim_8bf47d73cf4980cded453c6e
Despite being aesthetically rattled by EMI, Douglas Hofstadter rejected David Cope's cognitive theory, stating he did not believe human composition occurs through recombination of older material as EMI does.
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claim_f4937d83134ac7d301dc4d6f
Douglas Hofstadter publicly identified three "sources of pessimism" prompted by EMI, two of which were that "Chopin (for example) is a lot shallower than I had ever thought" and "Music is a lot shallower than I had ever thought."
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claim_fcd03cf4f0dc2b74a08ca4bf
The first three reviews of EMI's Bach By Design were negative due to the music sounding stiff, not because it was machine-made.
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claim_e6d9861d04f6cd0a38b20959
Douglas Hofstadter's account of his reaction to the EMI mazurka was self-exposing, stating he knew all 50 or 60 Chopin mazurkas and repeatedly sight-read the EMI mazurka with increasing confusion and surprise, believing no one could fool him on Chopin.
Labels: Source-linked, Medium, known