Research summary
Research summary
Topic summary
Negative contentions, warrants, impacts, and sources.
Key research questions
- Investigate "Resolved: Civil disobedience in a democracy is morally justified." from this distinct point of divergence: Negative.
Important claims and supporting citations
contemporarythinkers.org — https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AUZIYQEZ-tJTG2Awxc4vbXnzylrlYWJjDqZyArHgxW05kA_X6k9VZy11kCODZzqT-s87xmhqkn5g_q5QzcAlvvgJ5DC2ua2p7W2CpiFW1IYuf8wNAjLJqHkP7Bk9jIKmMwE2BJQp0guoZP5ypiINUPw8KzFl8RlNwXb1i4Bigg==
Warrant: Disobedients often conflate deep personal moral distress with a valid universal warrant to breach democratic laws Columbia University Press.
ucdavis.edu — https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AUZIYQFtov2Jsb_MO-9mXtaNpJCn0dgIQfIrys3-ROlcDq1pPpCvoGnQ1Z7ZD4eRbhNNxj3TBf9i550CSBf_WyK8EOyxfUcoANWErlirzc0wc9P_kbNm0nBqRTXZtrTVpXbhM4x7F7rqHs31FHyXEW3UFIv8m4nz5DXaKMUGINXQHQ95ULgp3PkxLyzXEhKQW1yv09iQgnFOpyU7nUVihjQfy14fHBc=
cambridge.org — https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AUZIYQFL88r-EXrjQ3B6BGaq-l_5Qfny7PgsrBzTPsxIVZnghP1gRbbL3GQSBukMFsriN7iMrA693yK44QT1ZDRmVqm8aWAX7vp9rb65T-VhvY7KcmE5QklsuRJ7lNg1197J_752z63alme86W-LeoXzjQGfz0edHpiYplpaNqUuik7bJAtIgaEYsoGV6RoumDAlJHbyaFsGnVw48Wp6ovMygK6KMNZ3A5I6SU4Infzift6nTFkH7miEmsUp_kkU
bu.edu — https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AUZIYQHAgeRCQQfK3ROEw8ZM0-Ye8652AZj23fRWdUnNnIWkgvswFnOToycT0utLDcNZXuFNtJw4vy9ceANhaGg6tbvvocXHx4Z5DWe4-jFQJ9GtPeCuF9Z13bRs6qt6dsJsSY5fLNqqW5fq3xauw1WjtrFbuNuMYq8Cag==
oup.com — https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AUZIYQGdJvdx_-g0XmBo3l9m1kW8TxNbN1lj6J4Ea5Pu-LHoIQ61G6OR7_gDVamUflQ2bcaJSdCf-Z3iJvckbkR4p64cvxsvpjNtwXtpGMAYjbi8B1VjFNdjQ-dL_oohj_bfBBiii6GvqVVW3SBKwoJaKBO98X4OCpjPhfRNKtV3Kd2N
Citation: Joseph Carens, "Compromise in Politics," Nomos XXI: Compromise in Ethics, Law, and Politics (1979), pp. 123–141.
smith.edu — https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AUZIYQGBwW-rjUAchnIz6SjOwsR_zH5Jxl5ICPIiswUbAV7IptBnm-U0USnf7UuP2hSZrD0lImRhtSBUUm6spN97J6CsEPl-OWSfFHebrUS4JMXfus8fJ9H7j2V3SkugyUi68f09oDdWmv3LEefRzY7zU3UrTPLDyKh-amEciK7LVvYnKV4MThcRzahxng==
查看全部主张（文本）
主张
Claim text is for reading and citation. Bulk copying and AI training need a licensed maps data API key. Markdown
Tag: The sincere conviction of an actor does not establish objective moral rectitude.
Tag: The sincere conviction of an actor does not establish objective moral rectitude.
Labels: Inferred, Low
Tag: Civil disobedience relies on the epistemic premise of personal moral infallibility over democratic votin…
Tag: Civil disobedience relies on the epistemic premise of personal moral infallibility over democratic voting procedures.
Labels: Inferred, Low
Impact: Breaking the law when a collective outcome is unfavorable violates the fundamental condition of mutua…
Impact: Breaking the law when a collective outcome is unfavorable violates the fundamental condition of mutual fairness that makes peaceful self-governance possible.
Labels: Source-linked, Low
Tag: Democratic civil disobedience undermines state capacity to execute international agreements and climate…
Tag: Democratic civil disobedience undermines state capacity to execute international agreements and climate commitments.
Labels: Inferred, Low
Tag: Disobedient movements demand unconditional moral outcomes, destroying the compromise essential to divers…
Tag: Disobedient movements demand unconditional moral outcomes, destroying the compromise essential to diverse democracies.
Labels: Inferred, Low
smith.edu — https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AUZIYQGBwW-rjUAchnIz6SjOwsR_zH5Jxl…
smith.edu — https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AUZIYQGBwW-rjUAchnIz6SjOwsR_zH5Jxl5ICPIiswUbAV7IptBnm-U0USnf7UuP2hSZrD0lImRhtSBUUm6spN97J6CsEPl-OWSfFHebrUS4JMXfus8fJ9H7j2V3SkugyUi68f09oDdWmv3LEefRzY7zU3UrTPLDyKh-amEciK7LVvYnKV4MThcRzahxng==
Labels: Source-linked, Low
stanford.edu — https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AUZIYQHb9Yu8NQzJr7wxZOg0cllH2K_…
stanford.edu — https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AUZIYQHb9Yu8NQzJr7wxZOg0cllH2K_Y-PXr4b479xqTUGVRPMMZNksJoAJ4_yeIq-zOuHMo2EedYJ5zjGOdCOBy6OnMYfKgsdnHONJ2nC0HuKqoobgPautezvpEERKbsBhp7C4S865KJmxWRBPVhVM=
Labels: Source-linked, Low
Citation: Peter Singer, Democracy and Disobedience (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1973), pp.
Citation: Peter Singer, Democracy and Disobedience (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1973), pp. 30–36: "The decision procedure represents a fair compromise between competing claims... disobedience implies a willingness to impose one's views on the association, repudiating the fair compromise".
Labels: Source-linked, Low, known
Tag: Even under standard liberal theory, democratic societies satisfy the baseline presumption that obligates…
Tag: Even under standard liberal theory, democratic societies satisfy the baseline presumption that obligates adherence to imperfect laws.
Labels: Inferred, Low
Tag: The existence of universal franchise and speech rights in a democracy eliminates the moral claim to civi…
Tag: The existence of universal franchise and speech rights in a democracy eliminates the moral claim to civil disobedience.
Labels: Inferred, Low
Warrant: Disobedients often conflate deep personal moral distress with a valid universal warrant to breach de…
Warrant: Disobedients often conflate deep personal moral distress with a valid universal warrant to breach democratic laws Columbia University Press.
Labels: Source-linked, Low
contemporarythinkers.org — https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AUZIYQEZ-tJTG2Awxc4…
contemporarythinkers.org — https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AUZIYQEZ-tJTG2Awxc4vbXnzylrlYWJjDqZyArHgxW05kA_X6k9VZy11kCODZzqT-s87xmhqkn5g_q5QzcAlvvgJ5DC2ua2p7W2CpiFW1IYuf8wNAjLJqHkP7Bk9jIKmMwE2BJQp0guoZP5ypiINUPw8KzFl8RlNwXb1i4Bigg==
Labels: Source-linked, High
Warrant: According to legal philosopher Joseph Raz, civil disobedience is justified only in illiberal states…
Warrant: According to legal philosopher Joseph Raz, civil disobedience is justified only in illiberal states where citizens lack political franchise and legal avenues of dissent; liberal democracies already extend institutional rights to vote, campaign, and speak Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
Labels: Source-linked, Low, known
ucdavis.edu — https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AUZIYQFtov2Jsb_MO-9mXtaNpJCn0dgI…
ucdavis.edu — https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AUZIYQFtov2Jsb_MO-9mXtaNpJCn0dgIQfIrys3-ROlcDq1pPpCvoGnQ1Z7ZD4eRbhNNxj3TBf9i550CSBf_WyK8EOyxfUcoANWErlirzc0wc9P_kbNm0nBqRTXZtrTVpXbhM4x7F7rqHs31FHyXEW3UFIv8m4nz5DXaKMUGINXQHQ95ULgp3PkxLyzXEhKQW1yv09iQgnFOpyU7nUVihjQfy14fHBc=
Labels: Source-linked, Low
Impact: Claiming an extralegal moral entitlement to disobey in a democracy usurps the legitimate distribution…
Impact: Claiming an extralegal moral entitlement to disobey in a democracy usurps the legitimate distribution of political rights, converting equal citizens into self-appointed arbiters of the law.
Labels: Source-linked, Low
Citation: Carl Cohen, Civil Disobedience (1971), pp.
Citation: Carl Cohen, Civil Disobedience (1971), pp. 95–102: "Sincerity of conscience is not equivalent to moral truth. Conscience has driven people to commit terrible injustices with absolute subjective conviction".
Labels: Inferred, Low, known
cambridge.org — https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AUZIYQFL88r-EXrjQ3B6BGaq-l_5Qf…
cambridge.org — https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AUZIYQFL88r-EXrjQ3B6BGaq-l_5Qfny7PgsrBzTPsxIVZnghP1gRbbL3GQSBukMFsriN7iMrA693yK44QT1ZDRmVqm8aWAX7vp9rb65T-VhvY7KcmE5QklsuRJ7lNg1197J_752z63alme86W-LeoXzjQGfz0edHpiYplpaNqUuik7bJAtIgaEYsoGV6RoumDAlJHbyaFsGnVw48Wp6ovMygK6KMNZ3A5I6SU4Infzift6nTFkH7miEmsUp_kkU
Labels: Source-linked, Low
bu.edu — https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AUZIYQHAgeRCQQfK3ROEw8ZM0-Ye8652AZj23…
bu.edu — https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AUZIYQHAgeRCQQfK3ROEw8ZM0-Ye8652AZj23fRWdUnNnIWkgvswFnOToycT0utLDcNZXuFNtJw4vy9ceANhaGg6tbvvocXHx4Z5DWe4-jFQJ9GtPeCuF9Z13bRs6qt6dsJsSY5fLNqqW5fq3xauw1WjtrFbuNuMYq8Cag==
Labels: Source-linked, Low
Warrant: Extralegal disruption often forces governments into policy paralysis or reactive reversals, impairin…
Warrant: Extralegal disruption often forces governments into policy paralysis or reactive reversals, impairing their ability to deliver on international treaties Cambridge University Press.
Labels: Source-linked, Low
Tag: Unilateral lawbreaking repudiates the foundational democratic compromise that binds disagreeing citizens.
Tag: Unilateral lawbreaking repudiates the foundational democratic compromise that binds disagreeing citizens.
Labels: Inferred, Low
Citation: Val Plumwood, "Has Democracy Failed Ecology?," Environmental Politics 4(4) (1995), pp.
Citation: Val Plumwood, "Has Democracy Failed Ecology?," Environmental Politics 4(4) (1995), pp. 20–25.
Labels: Inferred, Low, known
Impact: Framing political issues as absolute moral rights and wrongs makes legislative compromise appear corr…
Impact: Framing political issues as absolute moral rights and wrongs makes legislative compromise appear corrupt, driving governance into gridlock.
Labels: Inferred, Low
oup.com — https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AUZIYQGdJvdx_-g0XmBo3l9m1kW8TxNbN1lj…
oup.com — https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AUZIYQGdJvdx_-g0XmBo3l9m1kW8TxNbN1lj6J4Ea5Pu-LHoIQ61G6OR7_gDVamUflQ2bcaJSdCf-Z3iJvckbkR4p64cvxsvpjNtwXtpGMAYjbi8B1VjFNdjQ-dL_oohj_bfBBiii6GvqVVW3SBKwoJaKBO98X4OCpjPhfRNKtV3Kd2N
Labels: Source-linked, Low
Impact: Moral subjectivism creates an unresolvable legitimacy crisis, granting equal moral license to anti-de…
Impact: Moral subjectivism creates an unresolvable legitimacy crisis, granting equal moral license to anti-democratic, reactionary, and harmful causes.
Labels: Inferred, Low
Citation: Joseph Carens, "Compromise in Politics," Nomos XXI: Compromise in Ethics, Law, and Politics (1979),…
Citation: Joseph Carens, "Compromise in Politics," Nomos XXI: Compromise in Ethics, Law, and Politics (1979), pp. 123–141.
Labels: Source-linked, Low, known
gla.ac.uk — https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AUZIYQF_W381wZ_zl_JoEcFSnxFf3y7m-Y…
gla.ac.uk — https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AUZIYQF_W381wZ_zl_JoEcFSnxFf3y7m-Yvyd8vE89_WZ8V3mply22nYhrKWigtqRr9Rc0aFJ82tmbXSudvvNz-J2XKkBegLzXtg9QanJkTpjjSJyxzLNSw2Ht7tKj8qp8znUnzoOnyG9LrXrydLPAuhyOsu8m_EOZ_uvCo=
Labels: Source-linked, Low
Warrant: John Rawls explicitly limits the moral admissibility of civil disobedience to a "nearly just constit…
Warrant: John Rawls explicitly limits the moral admissibility of civil disobedience to a "nearly just constitutional democratic regime" where severe systemic violations have failed all legal remedies Harvard University Press.
Labels: Source-linked, Low, known
Citation: John Rawls, A Theory of Justice (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1971), pp.
Citation: John Rawls, A Theory of Justice (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1971), pp. 363–367: "The duty to comply with just laws obligates us to accept imperfect laws... civil disobedience is a last resort, justified only when normal political appeals have failed".
Labels: Source-linked, Low, known
Impact: Activists routinely invoke disobedience prematurely for sub-constitutional statutory disputes, violat…
Impact: Activists routinely invoke disobedience prematurely for sub-constitutional statutory disputes, violating Rawls's requirement of exhaustively testing democratic avenues.
Labels: Inferred, Low
Impact: State credibility dissolves on the global stage, impairing multilateral cooperation on cross-border c…
Impact: State credibility dissolves on the global stage, impairing multilateral cooperation on cross-border challenges.
Labels: Inferred, Low