# Theranos - Elizabeth Holmes Hero Arc Fork: 125 Sourced Claims, Contested Facts & Evidence A Theranos fork that follows Elizabeth Holmes as a hero, then tests that story against the record. Authors: nineDan HTML: https://moyomap.com/maps/theranos-elizabeth-holmes-hero Markdown: https://moyomap.com/maps/theranos-elizabeth-holmes-hero.md License: HTML and markdown are for reading and citation. Bulk copying and AI training need a written license. See /terms and /developers#maps-data. Cite a claim as: MoyoMap, "Theranos - Elizabeth Holmes Hero Arc Fork: 125 Sourced Claims, Contested Facts & Evidence", claim {id}, https://moyomap.com/maps/theranos-elizabeth-holmes-hero.md#{id}. “Moyo, a product of SenTeGuard Inc.” ### The CMS found significant deficiencies in Theranos' Newark, California lab in 2015. Id: claim_d85e7db42e8859b4d08e1a8d Parent: topic_9NgoXlS4mzv0YO1qBWC9 Depth: 1 The CMS found significant deficiencies in Theranos' Newark, California lab in 2015. Labels: Inferred, High, investigate ### Theranos Technology Limitations Id: section_1a18acdcc053b49efae8bccb Parent: topic_9NgoXlS4mzv0YO1qBWC9 Depth: 1 Theranos Technology Limitations Labels: Inferred, Low, known ### Ian Gibbons Id: section_260c4d18b860c42fd45be9c8 Parent: topic_9NgoXlS4mzv0YO1qBWC9 Depth: 1 Ian Gibbons Labels: Inferred, Low, useful ### Elizabeth Holmes's Prison Sentence and Conditions Id: section_42fb83f24e8490772dd4f518 Parent: topic_9NgoXlS4mzv0YO1qBWC9 Depth: 1 Elizabeth Holmes's Prison Sentence and Conditions Labels: Inferred, Low, useful ### Theranos Test Result Inaccuracies Id: section_5703f113a4d0cc58fda85457 Parent: topic_9NgoXlS4mzv0YO1qBWC9 Depth: 1 Theranos Test Result Inaccuracies Labels: Inferred, Low, known ### Theranos's Deceptive Lab Practices Id: section_6eec184d9fcb57c3e9dc4815 Parent: topic_9NgoXlS4mzv0YO1qBWC9 Depth: 1 Theranos's Deceptive Lab Practices Labels: Inferred, Low, known ### Elizabeth Holmes's Post-Incarceration Activities Id: section_d01ef61c39fd374e4df86c23 Parent: topic_9NgoXlS4mzv0YO1qBWC9 Depth: 1 Elizabeth Holmes's Post-Incarceration Activities Labels: Inferred, Low, useful ### Elizabeth Holmes's Legal Proceedings Id: section_d094f798cbbad6f3ca55573e Parent: topic_9NgoXlS4mzv0YO1qBWC9 Depth: 1 Elizabeth Holmes's Legal Proceedings Labels: Inferred, Low, investigate #### Theranos' operations were severely curtailed. Id: claim_02ebf07143720d660705ca0e Parent: claim_d85e7db42e8859b4d08e1a8d Depth: 2 Theranos' operations were severely curtailed. Labels: Inferred, Medium #### The CMS findings and subsequent actions led to a significant loss of credibility for Theranos. Id: claim_117eebb292236eeed53ece6f Parent: claim_d85e7db42e8859b4d08e1a8d Depth: 2 The CMS findings and subsequent actions led to a significant loss of credibility for Theranos. Labels: Inferred, High #### The CMS inspection of Theranos' Newark lab in 2015 revealed significant deficiencies in the lab's practices a… Id: claim_195abb3d7a88cd1047e36cc3 Parent: claim_d85e7db42e8859b4d08e1a8d Depth: 2 The CMS inspection of Theranos' Newark lab in 2015 revealed significant deficiencies in the lab's practices and compliance with Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) regulations. Labels: Inferred, High #### As a result of its findings, CMS proposed sanctions against Theranos, including revocation of the lab's CLIA… Id: claim_19ac86f970702bbbe95dc51e Parent: claim_d85e7db42e8859b4d08e1a8d Depth: 2 As a result of its findings, CMS proposed sanctions against Theranos, including revocation of the lab's CLIA certification, a ban on lab ownership by Theranos executives, and a monetary penalty. Labels: Inferred, High #### The miniLab's miniaturized centrifuge was known to occasionally explode. Id: claim_1c0d942fcc00ec114ea70a95 Parent: section_1a18acdcc053b49efae8bccb Depth: 2 The miniLab's miniaturized centrifuge was known to occasionally explode. Labels: Inferred, High, known #### Theranos ultimately voided all test results from its proprietary devices dating back two years. Id: claim_279a05571939517efe0347aa Parent: claim_d85e7db42e8859b4d08e1a8d Depth: 2 Theranos ultimately voided all test results from its proprietary devices dating back two years. Labels: Inferred, High #### Deficiencies identified in Theranos' Newark lab included issues related to the handling and processing of blo… Id: claim_27de204ec8f9295f60e04395 Parent: claim_d85e7db42e8859b4d08e1a8d Depth: 2 Deficiencies identified in Theranos' Newark lab included issues related to the handling and processing of blood samples, equipment calibration, quality control, and proficiency testing. Labels: Inferred, High #### Elizabeth Holmes invited the filmmakers of You Can See Everything into her rented Southern California home 34… Id: claim_2deee01eba984c37078d81eb Parent: section_42fb83f24e8490772dd4f518 Depth: 2 Elizabeth Holmes invited the filmmakers of You Can See Everything into her rented Southern California home 34 days before she entered prison on May 30, 2023. Labels: Inferred, High #### A federal judge, Edward Davila, found in March 2026 that none of the 12 investor-victims in the $452 million… Id: claim_2df68a1706616aef38bfcce8 Parent: section_d094f798cbbad6f3ca55573e Depth: 2 A federal judge, Edward Davila, found in March 2026 that none of the 12 investor-victims in the $452 million Theranos case suffered substantial financial hardship, leading to a reduction of Elizabeth Holmes's sentence from 135 to 123 months. Labels: Inferred, High, investigate #### According to the new documentary, Elizabeth Holmes argues that Theranos’s machine was theoretically capable o… Id: claim_2e67cf54ca80a106719baf7e Parent: section_1a18acdcc053b49efae8bccb Depth: 2 According to the new documentary, Elizabeth Holmes argues that Theranos’s machine was theoretically capable of performing more than 1,000 tests, while conceding that the company had not developed the chemistry or individual assays required to perform them. Labels: Inferred, High #### Whistleblower accounts and internal documents later disclosed that Theranos frequently used conventional mach… Id: claim_316c58b442e30ad79b0a787a Parent: claim_d85e7db42e8859b4d08e1a8d Depth: 2 Whistleblower accounts and internal documents later disclosed that Theranos frequently used conventional machines for tests. Labels: Inferred, High #### The deception regarding the use of proprietary Edison devices played a role in the regulatory scrutiny and le… Id: claim_333cacbdfb9a09bce073ff7b Parent: claim_d85e7db42e8859b4d08e1a8d Depth: 2 The deception regarding the use of proprietary Edison devices played a role in the regulatory scrutiny and legal challenges faced by Theranos. Labels: Inferred, High #### Internal documents and whistleblower testimony confirmed that Theranos's test results were frequently inaccur… Id: claim_351e870d9b6c23eb7e835b14 Parent: section_5703f113a4d0cc58fda85457 Depth: 2 Internal documents and whistleblower testimony confirmed that Theranos's test results were frequently inaccurate. Labels: Inferred, High, known #### In DAB No. Id: claim_3541e8b4252e34eb3663f932 Parent: section_d094f798cbbad6f3ca55573e Depth: 2 In DAB No. 3222, issued in 2026, the Department of Health and Human Services Departmental Appeals Board upheld Elizabeth Holmes’s exclusion from all federal healthcare programs for 90 years. Labels: Source-linked, High #### Theranos operated two separate lab systems: one for demonstrations to investors/partners using the Edison dev… Id: claim_35da9b783e495cdb2643d7d7 Parent: section_6eec184d9fcb57c3e9dc4815 Depth: 2 Theranos operated two separate lab systems: one for demonstrations to investors/partners using the Edison device, and another for actual patient results using commercial analyzers. Labels: Source-linked, High, known #### Voiding test results acknowledged the unreliability of Theranos' testing process. Id: claim_3c3aafe6ee0a573e059faa2c Parent: claim_d85e7db42e8859b4d08e1a8d Depth: 2 Voiding test results acknowledged the unreliability of Theranos' testing process. Labels: Inferred, High #### Patents derived from Theranos and naming Elizabeth Holmes as an inventor were licensed royalty-free during th… Id: claim_5e1a1a3801c42ec0d95bc973 Parent: section_d01ef61c39fd374e4df86c23 Depth: 2 Patents derived from Theranos and naming Elizabeth Holmes as an inventor were licensed royalty-free during the COVID-19 pandemic by Labrador Diagnostics. Labels: Source-linked, Medium, useful #### Elizabeth Holmes states that she has continued inventing and drafting patents while incarcerated, with the ai… Id: claim_63289a1b55a3b5d1c0d671d5 Parent: section_d01ef61c39fd374e4df86c23 Depth: 2 Elizabeth Holmes states that she has continued inventing and drafting patents while incarcerated, with the aim of returning to healthcare technology. Labels: Source-linked, Medium, useful #### Elizabeth Holmes's 2025 sentence-reduction motion cited her full participation in Bureau of Prisons (BOP) pro… Id: claim_683004233aa5440c81397a5b Parent: section_42fb83f24e8490772dd4f518 Depth: 2 Elizabeth Holmes's 2025 sentence-reduction motion cited her full participation in Bureau of Prisons (BOP) programming, including trauma treatment related to alleged sexual abuse by Sunny Balwani. Labels: Inferred, High, known #### The curtailment of Theranos' operations contributed to its eventual dissolution in 2018. Id: claim_7b34bcb2c80af0f5cc368d3d Parent: claim_d85e7db42e8859b4d08e1a8d Depth: 2 The curtailment of Theranos' operations contributed to its eventual dissolution in 2018. Labels: Inferred, High #### Elizabeth Holmes has drafted proposed legislation from prison called the "American Freedom Act," which aims t… Id: claim_872d17428bca64fe662e3be5 Parent: section_42fb83f24e8490772dd4f518 Depth: 2 Elizabeth Holmes has drafted proposed legislation from prison called the "American Freedom Act," which aims to strengthen the presumption of innocence in criminal procedures, and she hopes to fight for criminal justice reform post-prison. Labels: Source-linked, High, useful #### The jury acquitted Elizabeth Holmes on every patient-related count, including the patient-related fraud consp… Id: claim_8e5bcb9658be7dacd82c6ad3 Parent: section_d094f798cbbad6f3ca55573e Depth: 2 The jury acquitted Elizabeth Holmes on every patient-related count, including the patient-related fraud conspiracy count and three counts of fraud against individual patients. Labels: Source-linked, High, investigate #### The sanctions proposed by CMS were part of a broader regulatory response to Theranos' lab failures. Id: claim_905ef42fb4080e833caa5f4b Parent: claim_d85e7db42e8859b4d08e1a8d Depth: 2 The sanctions proposed by CMS were part of a broader regulatory response to Theranos' lab failures. Labels: Inferred, Medium #### Theranos's Edison machines could reliably perform only a very small number of tests, reportedly as few as 12–… Id: claim_932a5ae546fa61874ad5a3e6 Parent: section_1a18acdcc053b49efae8bccb Depth: 2 Theranos's Edison machines could reliably perform only a very small number of tests, reportedly as few as 12–15, out of the more than 240 tests advertised. Labels: Inferred, High, known #### The miniLab, introduced in 2016 to replace the Edison, was essentially a robotic glue gun paired with mini te… Id: claim_94d91c839e0493a861fb1554 Parent: section_1a18acdcc053b49efae8bccb Depth: 2 The miniLab, introduced in 2016 to replace the Edison, was essentially a robotic glue gun paired with mini test tubes. Labels: Source-linked, Medium, known #### The problems found in Theranos' lab were considered severe enough to potentially put patient safety at risk. Id: claim_961a54c6642e4f851498e2b4 Parent: claim_d85e7db42e8859b4d08e1a8d Depth: 2 The problems found in Theranos' lab were considered severe enough to potentially put patient safety at risk. Labels: Inferred, High #### In 2015, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) conducted an inspection of Theranos' laboratory i… Id: claim_a13eeeb0bf9ec291c2785a10 Parent: claim_d85e7db42e8859b4d08e1a8d Depth: 2 In 2015, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) conducted an inspection of Theranos' laboratory in Newark, California. Labels: Inferred, Medium #### Theranos attempted to rectify the deficiencies and appealed the CMS findings. Id: claim_ba717f580df66833a553307b Parent: claim_d85e7db42e8859b4d08e1a8d Depth: 2 Theranos attempted to rectify the deficiencies and appealed the CMS findings. Labels: Inferred, Medium #### The loss of credibility impacted Theranos' commercial partnerships and investor confidence. Id: claim_c04061fc42b6b20ed10ef634 Parent: claim_d85e7db42e8859b4d08e1a8d Depth: 2 The loss of credibility impacted Theranos' commercial partnerships and investor confidence. Labels: Inferred, High #### Ian Gibbons, a biochemist involved in early patents, was a chief scientist at Theranos and died by suicide in… Id: claim_c67b5039485567664ef674c0 Parent: section_260c4d18b860c42fd45be9c8 Depth: 2 Ian Gibbons, a biochemist involved in early patents, was a chief scientist at Theranos and died by suicide in 2013 amid pressures. Labels: Inferred, High, known #### Elizabeth Holmes works as a prison law clerk and re-entry clerk, assisting inmates with legal matters such as… Id: claim_dd18f1a09c1ee20ebddf9b44 Parent: section_42fb83f24e8490772dd4f518 Depth: 2 Elizabeth Holmes works as a prison law clerk and re-entry clerk, assisting inmates with legal matters such as compassionate release petitions and counseling rape survivors, earning 31 cents an hour. Labels: Inferred, High, known #### Haemanthus, a successor venture in the blood-testing space, is being built by Elizabeth Holmes's partner in A… Id: claim_ddc6e39a36848d75042f30b6 Parent: section_d01ef61c39fd374e4df86c23 Depth: 2 Haemanthus, a successor venture in the blood-testing space, is being built by Elizabeth Holmes's partner in Austin using Raman spectroscopy, a technique with published diagnostic applications, while explicitly distancing itself from Holmes. Labels: Source-linked, High, useful #### Some Theranos patients received false positives for HIV, cancer, and other conditions, or false negatives tha… Id: claim_e2205bb126485cacdd9114d8 Parent: section_5703f113a4d0cc58fda85457 Depth: 2 Some Theranos patients received false positives for HIV, cancer, and other conditions, or false negatives that delayed treatment. Labels: Inferred, High, known #### The Bureau of Prisons (BOP) has approved Elizabeth Holmes for transfer to an Austin-area halfway house in Aug… Id: claim_e94e35f97bef3e43e793cb36 Parent: section_42fb83f24e8490772dd4f518 Depth: 2 The Bureau of Prisons (BOP) has approved Elizabeth Holmes for transfer to an Austin-area halfway house in August 2027, which is well ahead of her February 2030 release date. Labels: Inferred, High, useful ##### In a separate trial, co-defendant Ramesh “Sunny” Balwani was convicted on every count, including the patient-… Id: claim_068bf6b359bf1ad1438bee3a Parent: claim_8e5bcb9658be7dacd82c6ad3 Depth: 3 In a separate trial, co-defendant Ramesh “Sunny” Balwani was convicted on every count, including the patient-conspiracy count and all patient wire-fraud counts that Elizabeth Holmes was acquitted of or that were dismissed. Labels: Contested, High ##### On March 26, 2026, Judge Edward J. Id: claim_0ae16351ed4581b5cd07cd0f Parent: claim_2df68a1706616aef38bfcce8 Depth: 3 On March 26, 2026, Judge Edward J. Davila reduced Elizabeth Holmes’s prison term from 135 to 123 months. Labels: Source-linked, High ##### Before trial, a federal judge dismissed four counts against Elizabeth Holmes, including one conspiracy count… Id: claim_0b1a5a65181734d8dbe97e3b Parent: claim_8e5bcb9658be7dacd82c6ad3 Depth: 3 Before trial, a federal judge dismissed four counts against Elizabeth Holmes, including one conspiracy count and three wire fraud counts, because insurance-covered patients and referring doctors were not deprived of money or property. Labels: Inferred, High, useful ##### In United States v. Id: claim_1377c8a0878a6f3930a9ad4e Parent: claim_2df68a1706616aef38bfcce8 Depth: 3 In United States v. Poulson (3d Cir. 2017), a loss of $1.5–3.5 million involving over twenty-five investors experiencing "substantial financial hardship" resulted in a six-level enhancement under §2B1.1(b)(2)(C). Labels: Inferred, High, useful ##### The court treated “financial harm,” “loss,” “restitution,” and “substantial financial hardship” as legally di… Id: claim_1b6433cab66cba37c29a36d7 Parent: claim_2df68a1706616aef38bfcce8 Depth: 3 The court treated “financial harm,” “loss,” “restitution,” and “substantial financial hardship” as legally distinct concepts. Labels: Inferred, High ##### Some Theranos patients received false negatives that delayed treatment. Id: claim_1d617c86b2eb0a60825a66a9 Parent: claim_e2205bb126485cacdd9114d8 Depth: 3 Some Theranos patients received false negatives that delayed treatment. Labels: Inferred, High, known ##### Count 10 concerned Patient E.T. Id: claim_265681756c1b08b10dc8f5f6 Parent: claim_8e5bcb9658be7dacd82c6ad3 Depth: 3 Count 10 concerned Patient E.T. (Erin Tompkins of Phoenix), who received a May 11, 2015 Theranos result showing HIV antibodies that two later tests showed were false. Labels: Inferred, High ##### Ian Gibbons, Theranos's Chief Scientist, died by suicide in May 2013. Id: claim_29fbe3478b099718ddd24228 Parent: claim_c67b5039485567664ef674c0 Depth: 3 Ian Gibbons, Theranos's Chief Scientist, died by suicide in May 2013. Labels: Inferred, High, known ##### The record did not explain how the 15% net worth loss was calculated, whether the speaker was one of the 12 r… Id: claim_2f175782b3957bd1e21d5ed9 Parent: claim_2df68a1706616aef38bfcce8 Depth: 3 The record did not explain how the 15% net worth loss was calculated, whether the speaker was one of the 12 restitution victims, or if the loss produced concrete pecuniary consequences contemplated by the Guidelines. Labels: Source-linked, High ##### The government's sentencing memorandum still described patient harm, including inaccurate cancer, pregnancy,… Id: claim_3b508d97c39b6b2f8f3fc4d3 Parent: claim_8e5bcb9658be7dacd82c6ad3 Depth: 3 The government's sentencing memorandum still described patient harm, including inaccurate cancer, pregnancy, and HIV-related results, even after the jury acquitted Elizabeth Holmes on patient-related counts. Labels: Inferred, High ##### Volokh’s reproduction of the order on reason.com provides details about the investor's reported loss. Id: claim_411008b5d29a6e8e918cedcd Parent: claim_2df68a1706616aef38bfcce8 Depth: 3 Volokh’s reproduction of the order on reason.com provides details about the investor's reported loss. Labels: Source-linked, Medium ##### Contemporary reporting describes Elizabeth Holmes's purpose for initiating the documentary project as an effo… Id: claim_411c4f1e3f6a829f626edcff Parent: claim_2deee01eba984c37078d81eb Depth: 3 Contemporary reporting describes Elizabeth Holmes's purpose for initiating the documentary project as an effort to “clear her name.” Labels: Inferred, High ##### Internal documents and whistleblower testimonies indicated frequent quality control failures at Theranos. Id: claim_4af7550280acb922d3177e28 Parent: claim_351e870d9b6c23eb7e835b14 Depth: 3 Internal documents and whistleblower testimonies indicated frequent quality control failures at Theranos. Labels: Inferred, High, known ##### The HHS Appeals Board found the required nexus for fraud “in connection with” healthcare delivery in Theranos… Id: claim_4e517eab16b7a49df75b6586 Parent: claim_3541e8b4252e34eb3663f932 Depth: 3 The HHS Appeals Board found the required nexus for fraud “in connection with” healthcare delivery in Theranos’s blood-testing business, Walgreens and Safeway agreements, representations about analyzers and patient services, and the health-related statements incorporated into the investor-fraud counts. Labels: Source-linked, High ##### In United States v. Id: claim_5760a35a68d3838609fc936d Parent: claim_2df68a1706616aef38bfcce8 Depth: 3 In United States v. George, the Ninth Circuit ruled that hardship exists when victims suffered a loss significant in light of their individual financial circumstances. Labels: Inferred, High, useful ##### For the majority of tests, Theranos secretly used third-party Siemens analyzers and other commercial machines. Id: claim_5d13351545e59f76bf738d93 Parent: claim_35da9b783e495cdb2643d7d7 Depth: 3 For the majority of tests, Theranos secretly used third-party Siemens analyzers and other commercial machines. Labels: Inferred, High, known ##### A second juror, Mike Q, stated he could not find intent to harm patients in Elizabeth Holmes's case. Id: claim_7121a508fe88d47ba8d74b89 Parent: claim_8e5bcb9658be7dacd82c6ad3 Depth: 3 A second juror, Mike Q, stated he could not find intent to harm patients in Elizabeth Holmes's case. Labels: Inferred, High ##### The Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals has not yet interpreted the term "substantial financial hardship" as it ap… Id: claim_74c26ae58ecb5825240e9d9e Parent: claim_2df68a1706616aef38bfcce8 Depth: 3 The Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals has not yet interpreted the term "substantial financial hardship" as it applies to §4C1.1 of the sentencing guidelines. Labels: Inferred, High, useful ##### Judge Davila's conclusion was that the record did not establish any identified victim experienced the individ… Id: claim_7503a1064ec1b3ae816bd145 Parent: claim_2df68a1706616aef38bfcce8 Depth: 3 Judge Davila's conclusion was that the record did not establish any identified victim experienced the individualized “substantial financial hardship” required to disqualify Holmes under §4C1.1(a)(6). Labels: Inferred, High ##### The Probation Office's Sentence Reduction Investigation Report (ECF No. Id: claim_7b3e8f6bafa49199f2802e51 Parent: claim_2df68a1706616aef38bfcce8 Depth: 3 The Probation Office's Sentence Reduction Investigation Report (ECF No. 1799 at 3) noted that despite victims detailing significant loss of money and time, none of their statements revealed a "substantial financial hardship." Labels: Inferred, High, useful ##### If Judge Davila had maintained his original practice of imposing the bottom of the sentencing range, Elizabet… Id: claim_7f44c39b0d0d9a277750dff6 Parent: claim_2df68a1706616aef38bfcce8 Depth: 3 If Judge Davila had maintained his original practice of imposing the bottom of the sentencing range, Elizabeth Holmes would have received 108 months, indicating a 15-month upward adjustment in her reduced sentence. Labels: Inferred, High, useful ##### The ruling on Elizabeth Holmes's sentence reduction was a burden-of-proof outcome, not an affirmative finding… Id: claim_819205fd096790ddccb80f61 Parent: claim_2df68a1706616aef38bfcce8 Depth: 3 The ruling on Elizabeth Holmes's sentence reduction was a burden-of-proof outcome, not an affirmative finding about investor wealth. Labels: Inferred, High, useful ##### The sentence reduction was made under retroactive Sentencing Guidelines Amendment 821. Id: claim_826e80379423d8436d2f96c3 Parent: claim_2df68a1706616aef38bfcce8 Depth: 3 The sentence reduction was made under retroactive Sentencing Guidelines Amendment 821. Labels: Inferred, High ##### The ruling did not redefine the $452,047,268 restitution obligation as non-harmful. Id: claim_84891354c71e6d16bc6c6340 Parent: claim_2df68a1706616aef38bfcce8 Depth: 3 The ruling did not redefine the $452,047,268 restitution obligation as non-harmful. Labels: Inferred, High ##### Theranos ultimately voided every test run on its own analyzer. Id: claim_84e100808b0d1179404a29ef Parent: claim_8e5bcb9658be7dacd82c6ad3 Depth: 3 Theranos ultimately voided every test run on its own analyzer. Labels: Inferred, High ##### The §2B1.1 factors are designed to be victim-relative, meaning the same dollar amount of harm can be substant… Id: claim_8773b7b5abdfb68a0ec00e5b Parent: claim_2df68a1706616aef38bfcce8 Depth: 3 The §2B1.1 factors are designed to be victim-relative, meaning the same dollar amount of harm can be substantial for one victim but minor for another. Labels: Inferred, High, useful ##### The restitution group consisted of ten investor-victims identified at sentencing, Walgreens, and Safeway. Id: claim_97bf9893490cee5503108a51 Parent: claim_2df68a1706616aef38bfcce8 Depth: 3 The restitution group consisted of ten investor-victims identified at sentencing, Walgreens, and Safeway. Labels: Inferred, High ##### Judge Davila accepted that Holmes’s conduct caused hundreds of millions of dollars in losses. Id: claim_a5184ca9513fcf10f3b8b4bd Parent: claim_2df68a1706616aef38bfcce8 Depth: 3 Judge Davila accepted that Holmes’s conduct caused hundreds of millions of dollars in losses. Labels: Inferred, High ##### Judge Davila stated that a reduced sentence that was too lenient could diminish its deterrent effect and foun… Id: claim_a844055caf3abd51a7756381 Parent: claim_2df68a1706616aef38bfcce8 Depth: 3 Judge Davila stated that a reduced sentence that was too lenient could diminish its deterrent effect and found a middle-of-range sentence to be "sufficient, but not greater than necessary." Labels: Inferred, High, useful ##### The decisive evidence in the sentence reduction was the investors' own subscription paperwork, specifically t… Id: claim_aa4e04ed820e1a1185215fdc Parent: claim_2df68a1706616aef38bfcce8 Depth: 3 The decisive evidence in the sentence reduction was the investors' own subscription paperwork, specifically their accredited-investor risk certifications. Labels: Inferred, High, useful ##### Some Theranos patients received false positives for HIV, cancer, and other conditions. Id: claim_b5b0d9add760a0f2d3b7130d Parent: claim_e2205bb126485cacdd9114d8 Depth: 3 Some Theranos patients received false positives for HIV, cancer, and other conditions. Labels: Inferred, High, known ##### Count 9, a patient-related wire-fraud count involving Patient B.B., was dismissed mid-trial by prosecutors on… Id: claim_b8319d7c2d3c7eee5680625c Parent: claim_8e5bcb9658be7dacd82c6ad3 Depth: 3 Count 9, a patient-related wire-fraud count involving Patient B.B., was dismissed mid-trial by prosecutors on November 19, 2021, and therefore never went to the jury. Labels: Inferred, High ##### The parent claim regarding Elizabeth Holmes's sentence reduction is substantially correct but materially over… Id: claim_bf7c273788a87aa859bcf171 Parent: claim_2df68a1706616aef38bfcce8 Depth: 3 The parent claim regarding Elizabeth Holmes's sentence reduction is substantially correct but materially overstates the factual finding. Labels: Inferred, Medium ##### Prosecutors called only three patient witnesses during the 11-week trial of Elizabeth Holmes, with two of the… Id: claim_c196ccd4936de5db9170cba0 Parent: claim_8e5bcb9658be7dacd82c6ad3 Depth: 3 Prosecutors called only three patient witnesses during the 11-week trial of Elizabeth Holmes, with two of them linked to the remaining individual wire-fraud counts. Labels: Inferred, Medium ##### Count 11 concerned Patient M.E. Id: claim_c2662846f5186c696eadd4c1 Parent: claim_8e5bcb9658be7dacd82c6ad3 Depth: 3 Count 11 concerned Patient M.E. of Arizona, whose May 16, 2015 Theranos results showed a prostate-cancer antigen (PSA) roughly 10 times the level later confirmed by conventional testing. Labels: Inferred, High ##### The Third Superseding Indictment against Elizabeth Holmes charged a total of 12 counts, consisting of two con… Id: claim_c74497ca7e4801168cfa95c7 Parent: claim_8e5bcb9658be7dacd82c6ad3 Depth: 3 The Third Superseding Indictment against Elizabeth Holmes charged a total of 12 counts, consisting of two conspiracies and 10 wire-fraud counts. Labels: Inferred, Low ##### Theranos often diluted finger-prick samples to run on equipment designed for venous blood, which introduced s… Id: claim_c9b1d93be3a9546553707911 Parent: claim_351e870d9b6c23eb7e835b14 Depth: 3 Theranos often diluted finger-prick samples to run on equipment designed for venous blood, which introduced significant error. Labels: Inferred, Medium, known ##### The parent claim regarding a March 2026 sentence reduction for Elizabeth Holmes has been confirmed, but with… Id: claim_d16a444bad16ad3c75649684 Parent: claim_2df68a1706616aef38bfcce8 Depth: 3 The parent claim regarding a March 2026 sentence reduction for Elizabeth Holmes has been confirmed, but with significant qualifications. Labels: Inferred, Medium, investigate ##### At her November 2022 sentencing, Elizabeth Holmes's offense level was set at 33, with a sentencing range of 1… Id: claim_d80730548c189ccffdf9f05c Parent: claim_2df68a1706616aef38bfcce8 Depth: 3 At her November 2022 sentencing, Elizabeth Holmes's offense level was set at 33, with a sentencing range of 135–168 months, and Judge Davila imposed 135 months. Labels: Inferred, High, useful ##### Holmes’s conduct caused significant community and Silicon Valley reputational damage. Id: claim_dc83fff9815df5920e82b357 Parent: claim_2df68a1706616aef38bfcce8 Depth: 3 Holmes’s conduct caused significant community and Silicon Valley reputational damage. Labels: Inferred, High ##### Headlines stating that the judge found “none suffered hardship” are broader than the actual evidentiary rulin… Id: claim_e0c8fbfb7c88ed6be29403f7 Parent: claim_2df68a1706616aef38bfcce8 Depth: 3 Headlines stating that the judge found “none suffered hardship” are broader than the actual evidentiary ruling. Labels: Inferred, High ##### The jury panel, consisting of eight men and four women, deliberated for more than 50 hours. Id: claim_e9d40521c7d77f7cf3a0d3a3 Parent: claim_8e5bcb9658be7dacd82c6ad3 Depth: 3 The jury panel, consisting of eight men and four women, deliberated for more than 50 hours. Labels: Inferred, Low ##### The Guidelines instruct courts to consider the non-exhaustive factors outlined in Application Note 4(F) to §2… Id: claim_e9ea48f817ec099918d2bcb8 Parent: claim_2df68a1706616aef38bfcce8 Depth: 3 The Guidelines instruct courts to consider the non-exhaustive factors outlined in Application Note 4(F) to §2B1.1. Labels: Inferred, High, useful ##### Elizabeth Holmes asked HHS to shorten her exclusion based partly on a claimed mental or emotional condition. Id: claim_ee8a4e368963c55ea5df23ed Parent: claim_3541e8b4252e34eb3663f932 Depth: 3 Elizabeth Holmes asked HHS to shorten her exclusion based partly on a claimed mental or emotional condition. Labels: Source-linked, High ##### The §4C1.1 finding reduced Elizabeth Holmes's offense level to 31 and her sentencing range to 108–135 months,… Id: claim_f0d5baca1b805504642148cb Parent: claim_2df68a1706616aef38bfcce8 Depth: 3 The §4C1.1 finding reduced Elizabeth Holmes's offense level to 31 and her sentencing range to 108–135 months, with Judge Davila imposing 123 months. Labels: Inferred, High, useful ##### Internal documents and whistleblower testimonies indicated data manipulation to hide inaccuracies in Theranos… Id: claim_f814ed4d625244a3680e53c0 Parent: claim_351e870d9b6c23eb7e835b14 Depth: 3 Internal documents and whistleblower testimonies indicated data manipulation to hide inaccuracies in Theranos' test results. Labels: Inferred, High, investigate ##### On January 3, 2022, after seven days of deliberations, the jury acquitted Elizabeth Holmes on Count 2 (conspi… Id: claim_fbf3c6fe5181bcbbc8e9a2ce Parent: claim_8e5bcb9658be7dacd82c6ad3 Depth: 3 On January 3, 2022, after seven days of deliberations, the jury acquitted Elizabeth Holmes on Count 2 (conspiracy to commit wire fraud against paying patients, 2013–2016) and Counts 10–12 (substantive patient wire-fraud counts). Labels: Inferred, High ##### Count 12 involved a $1,126,661 wire from Theranos to Horizon Media on August 3, 2015, for advertisements laun… Id: claim_ffe3ce9a14e535b0ad800585 Parent: claim_8e5bcb9658be7dacd82c6ad3 Depth: 3 Count 12 involved a $1,126,661 wire from Theranos to Horizon Media on August 3, 2015, for advertisements launching Theranos Wellness Centers at Walgreens. Labels: Inferred, Medium ###### Tyler Shultz's manager, Aruna Ayer, acknowledged that the “repeat and delete” methodology was not proper scie… Id: claim_070ae3e3bbb1a0e54f7384b6 Parent: claim_f814ed4d625244a3680e53c0 Depth: 4 Tyler Shultz's manager, Aruna Ayer, acknowledged that the “repeat and delete” methodology was not proper science. Labels: Inferred, Medium ###### Theranos purchased commercial Siemens ADVIA analyzers through a secret subsidiary to avoid suspicion from Sie… Id: claim_17d7915376642154072cf847 Parent: claim_5d13351545e59f76bf738d93 Depth: 4 Theranos purchased commercial Siemens ADVIA analyzers through a secret subsidiary to avoid suspicion from Siemens because their own technology failed. Labels: Source-linked, High, known ###### AP reporting covers BOP release-date changes for Elizabeth Holmes. Id: claim_29ce22461cc19d9cd44dff4f Parent: claim_d16a444bad16ad3c75649684 Depth: 4 AP reporting covers BOP release-date changes for Elizabeth Holmes. Labels: Source-linked, Low ###### A resentencing of Elizabeth Holmes by Judge Davila would likely generate extensive reporting from major news… Id: claim_387d7aefd548a38b15b6bf61 Parent: claim_d16a444bad16ad3c75649684 Depth: 4 A resentencing of Elizabeth Holmes by Judge Davila would likely generate extensive reporting from major news outlets such as AP, Reuters, WSJ, and NYT. Labels: Inferred, Medium ###### Amendment 821, which became retroactive as of 2024, allows for zero-point-offender reductions through 18 U.S.… Id: claim_3c4a33db946ad838dc3ff127 Parent: claim_d16a444bad16ad3c75649684 Depth: 4 Amendment 821, which became retroactive as of 2024, allows for zero-point-offender reductions through 18 U.S.C. §3582(c)(2) motions. Labels: Inferred, High ###### Erika Cheung raised concerns internally, including with Sunny Balwani who dismissed her, before quitting Ther… Id: claim_3e38513308ee8b0f91f75ec6 Parent: claim_f814ed4d625244a3680e53c0 Depth: 4 Erika Cheung raised concerns internally, including with Sunny Balwani who dismissed her, before quitting Theranos and contacting CMS and the Wall Street Journal. Labels: Source-linked, Medium ###### Tyler Shultz raised the CV discrepancy and a website claim with Elizabeth Holmes, who directed him to fine pr… Id: claim_4504ef0872d22e2f9fe5e4c3 Parent: claim_f814ed4d625244a3680e53c0 Depth: 4 Tyler Shultz raised the CV discrepancy and a website claim with Elizabeth Holmes, who directed him to fine print limiting the claim to vitamin D, which itself showed approximately 19% CV in the report. Labels: Inferred, High ###### The rationale that "none of the 12 investor-victims suffered substantial financial hardship" is a plausible b… Id: claim_4d9e482e6c24ac6c39daf110 Parent: claim_d16a444bad16ad3c75649684 Depth: 4 The rationale that "none of the 12 investor-victims suffered substantial financial hardship" is a plausible but unverified reconstruction. Labels: Inferred, High ###### Application Note 4(F) to §2B1.1 provides victim-relative hardship factors. Id: claim_580420c439679b0432dd80e2 Parent: claim_d16a444bad16ad3c75649684 Depth: 4 Application Note 4(F) to §2B1.1 provides victim-relative hardship factors. Labels: Inferred, Medium ###### The deletion of data points from QC runs on Edison devices was done so that the remaining average would pass… Id: claim_64d89b6339ddf12f987adfab Parent: claim_f814ed4d625244a3680e53c0 Depth: 4 The deletion of data points from QC runs on Edison devices was done so that the remaining average would pass internal thresholds. Labels: Inferred, High ###### Sunny Balwani ordered lab staff to run federal proficiency testing samples exclusively on third-party commerc… Id: claim_663edaacd49cff96b9928dad Parent: claim_5d13351545e59f76bf738d93 Depth: 4 Sunny Balwani ordered lab staff to run federal proficiency testing samples exclusively on third-party commercial analyzers rather than the Edison to maintain CLIA lab certification. Labels: Source-linked, High, known ###### The parent claim asserts that Judge Edward Davila reduced Elizabeth Holmes's sentence on March 26, 2026, from… Id: claim_6f74928e8e88c48f880384e3 Parent: claim_d16a444bad16ad3c75649684 Depth: 4 The parent claim asserts that Judge Edward Davila reduced Elizabeth Holmes's sentence on March 26, 2026, from 135 to 123 months, citing retroactive Amendment 821 / §4C1.1. Labels: Inferred, Medium ###### The legal mechanism (Amendment 821) cited in the graph for a sentence reduction is real, but its legal possib… Id: claim_76c47918f6df58baa03fde41 Parent: claim_d16a444bad16ad3c75649684 Depth: 4 The legal mechanism (Amendment 821) cited in the graph for a sentence reduction is real, but its legal possibility does not confirm the specific March 2026 ruling occurred. Labels: Inferred, High ###### Erika Cheung, a former Theranos lab associate (2013–2014), testified under oath at Elizabeth Holmes’s 2021 cr… Id: claim_7a0c929bc3edc2b56c756cec Parent: claim_f814ed4d625244a3680e53c0 Depth: 4 Erika Cheung, a former Theranos lab associate (2013–2014), testified under oath at Elizabeth Holmes’s 2021 criminal trial that employees frequently deleted up to two of six data points, labeled as “outliers,” from quality-control (QC) runs on Edison devices. Labels: Inferred, High ###### The graph's support for the parent claim is categorized as entirely "MODEL-SPECIFIC" or "Inferred." Id: claim_7defe421290a7fa2faab69e8 Parent: claim_d16a444bad16ad3c75649684 Depth: 4 The graph's support for the parent claim is categorized as entirely "MODEL-SPECIFIC" or "Inferred." Labels: Inferred, Medium ###### The claim conflates a possible BOP mechanism with a judicial one, or invents the judicial one. Id: claim_86d70f472b7e553b9c075d6a Parent: claim_d16a444bad16ad3c75649684 Depth: 4 The claim conflates a possible BOP mechanism with a judicial one, or invents the judicial one. Labels: Inferred, Medium ###### CMS inspection notes from the Newark lab in late 2015, reviewed by the Wall Street Journal, quantified Edison… Id: claim_8f7e95730a892b509750fcbc Parent: claim_f814ed4d625244a3680e53c0 Depth: 4 CMS inspection notes from the Newark lab in late 2015, reviewed by the Wall Street Journal, quantified Edison QC failures: 834 out of 2,890 checks (29%) in October 2014 exceeded Theranos’s own two-standard-deviation threshold. Labels: Source-linked, High ###### Insiders revealed that Theranos often used traditional machines from other manufacturers for many tests, desp… Id: claim_95f9fa70c6d47d04cad1e6d9 Parent: claim_5d13351545e59f76bf738d93 Depth: 4 Insiders revealed that Theranos often used traditional machines from other manufacturers for many tests, despite promoting its "Edison" device. Labels: Inferred, High, not_relevant ###### The syphilis (RPR) assay validation report process involved manipulating the coefficient of variation (CV): a… Id: claim_961cfb2e4bcbc456b5585cfb Parent: claim_f814ed4d625244a3680e53c0 Depth: 4 The syphilis (RPR) assay validation report process involved manipulating the coefficient of variation (CV): a raw 43% CV, which was far above the advertised <10%, was reduced to below 20% by calculating medians of precision runs instead of using the full dataset. Labels: Inferred, High ###### Safeway executives ignored constant missed deadlines and the fact that Theranos covertly ran Safeway employee… Id: claim_9accfb3180ae0e1132898ef8 Parent: claim_5d13351545e59f76bf738d93 Depth: 4 Safeway executives ignored constant missed deadlines and the fact that Theranos covertly ran Safeway employee blood tests on standard Siemens machines. Labels: Source-linked, High, known ###### Theranos diluted tiny finger-prick samples to meet volume requirements for commercial analyzers, which lowere… Id: claim_9e73de8f84ee059eedb610da Parent: claim_c9b1d93be3a9546553707911 Depth: 4 Theranos diluted tiny finger-prick samples to meet volume requirements for commercial analyzers, which lowered analyte concentrations below reliable ranges and distorted results. Labels: Inferred, High, useful ###### The U.S. Id: claim_a08a7bc40f32c1312ff3f773 Parent: claim_d16a444bad16ad3c75649684 Depth: 4 The U.S. Supreme Court later declined to take Elizabeth Holmes's case. Labels: Inferred, High ###### §4C1.1(a)(6) disqualifies offenders whose conduct caused "substantial financial hardship" to victims. Id: claim_b34739e3164c5a8ab89bf581 Parent: claim_d16a444bad16ad3c75649684 Depth: 4 §4C1.1(a)(6) disqualifies offenders whose conduct caused "substantial financial hardship" to victims. Labels: Inferred, Medium ###### Elizabeth Holmes's conviction and sentence were upheld on appeal by the Ninth Circuit in February 2025. Id: claim_bdf698b85af783d75d0e573b Parent: claim_d16a444bad16ad3c75649684 Depth: 4 Elizabeth Holmes's conviction and sentence were upheld on appeal by the Ninth Circuit in February 2025. Labels: Inferred, High ###### Elizabeth Holmes's only documented sentence adjustments have originated from the Bureau of Prisons (BOP), not… Id: claim_be82ea375388ab898268f523 Parent: claim_d16a444bad16ad3c75649684 Depth: 4 Elizabeth Holmes's only documented sentence adjustments have originated from the Bureau of Prisons (BOP), not from judicial resentencing. Labels: Inferred, High ###### The absence of traceable contemporaneous coverage for the specific, dated event of March 26, 2026, is strong… Id: claim_c4664d8d4ba1c6f6efe0607d Parent: claim_d16a444bad16ad3c75649684 Depth: 4 The absence of traceable contemporaneous coverage for the specific, dated event of March 26, 2026, is strong evidence that the event is unconfirmed or fabricated. Labels: Inferred, High ###### The legal scaffolding in the graph regarding victim hardship factors is accurate. Id: claim_c7166ac8c8e950dc57563543 Parent: claim_d16a444bad16ad3c75649684 Depth: 4 The legal scaffolding in the graph regarding victim hardship factors is accurate. Labels: Inferred, Medium ###### Holmes's BOP-projected release date was repeatedly advanced due to good-conduct and program credits, for exam… Id: claim_c9bb36ff4e7aea735bb5848d Parent: claim_d16a444bad16ad3c75649684 Depth: 4 Holmes's BOP-projected release date was repeatedly advanced due to good-conduct and program credits, for example, from an initial ~December 2032 to roughly December 2031, with further adjustments reported. Labels: Inferred, High ###### Erika Cheung characterized the practice of deleting data points as “cherry-picking” and stated there were “no… Id: claim_cdf143b9e6709be444a7d6bd Parent: claim_f814ed4d625244a3680e53c0 Depth: 4 Erika Cheung characterized the practice of deleting data points as “cherry-picking” and stated there were “no rules” or “no protocols” defining an outlier. Labels: Inferred, High ###### In a syphilis (RPR) assay validation report examined by Tyler Shultz, Theranos claimed 95% sensitivity, but t… Id: claim_d2a71eb7241b7416779897de Parent: claim_f814ed4d625244a3680e53c0 Depth: 4 In a syphilis (RPR) assay validation report examined by Tyler Shultz, Theranos claimed 95% sensitivity, but the two underlying experimental datasets showed only 65% and 80% sensitivity. Labels: Inferred, High ###### No citable court order (ECF number, docket entry, or published order) is linked anywhere in the graph. Id: claim_e1a25179c53bdb706b018a72 Parent: claim_d16a444bad16ad3c75649684 Depth: 4 No citable court order (ECF number, docket entry, or published order) is linked anywhere in the graph. Labels: Inferred, High ###### Tyler Shultz documented issues, including the “repeat and delete” methodology, in an April 11, 2014 email to… Id: claim_e39f0e2b8caf636eb8eabede Parent: claim_f814ed4d625244a3680e53c0 Depth: 4 Tyler Shultz documented issues, including the “repeat and delete” methodology, in an April 11, 2014 email to Elizabeth Holmes, which was also copied/forwarded to Sunny Balwani. Labels: Inferred, High ###### The event of a sentence reduction for Elizabeth Holmes on March 26, 2026, is dated in the future relative to… Id: claim_f2cb6052ced4ee510d672c33 Parent: claim_d16a444bad16ad3c75649684 Depth: 4 The event of a sentence reduction for Elizabeth Holmes on March 26, 2026, is dated in the future relative to the model's verified knowledge. Labels: Inferred, Low ###### These administrative First Step Act / good-time credits are distinct from the claimed court-ordered reduction… Id: claim_f5ef4d5c0ca6b7672599e375 Parent: claim_d16a444bad16ad3c75649684 Depth: 4 These administrative First Step Act / good-time credits are distinct from the claimed court-ordered reduction from 135 to 123 months. Labels: Inferred, High ###### Elizabeth Holmes's claim of never having lied conflicts with the sustained judicial record, as a jury convict… Id: claim_7de9ee1342e05348cbd11a64 Parent: claim_bdf698b85af783d75d0e573b Depth: 5 Elizabeth Holmes's claim of never having lied conflicts with the sustained judicial record, as a jury convicted her of conspiracy and three investor wire-fraud counts, and the Ninth Circuit upheld those convictions. Labels: Inferred, High